Table of Contents
About Lume
Lume is an innovator in the natural deodorant space with its line of vegan, aluminum-free, cruelty-free, and baking soda-free deodorants.
Why do their products stand out? They’re not only intended for the underarms, and can be used effectively on any external part of your body.
Lume Solid Deodorant Stick Ingredients

Neopentyl Glycol Diheptanoate: Neopentyl glycol diheptanoate is a type of emollient, or skin-conditioning agent, that is used in skincare products to help soften and smooth the skin. It is a lightweight, non-greasy ingredient that is easily absorbed by the skin.[1]
PPG-15 Stearyl Ether: PPG-15 stearyl ether is an emollient and skin-conditioning agent that is used in skincare and cosmetic products. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the skin, making it softer and smoother. It is also used as a thickening agent and stabilizer in cosmetic formulations.[2]
Zea Mays (Corn) Starch: Zea mays (corn) starch is a type of natural starch that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as a thickener, absorbent, and mattifying agent. It helps to absorb excess oil and moisture from the skin, reducing shine and improving the appearance of the skin.[3]
Ozokerite: Ozokerite [4] is a type of wax that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as a thickening agent, emollient, and stabilizer. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of the product, and also helps to prevent separation of the ingredients.
Stearyl Alcohol: Stearyl alcohol is a type of fatty alcohol that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as an emollient and thickening agent. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, making it smoother and more moisturizing.[5]
Isododecane: Isododecane [6] is a type of volatile silicone that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as a solvent, emollient, and delivery agent. It helps to improve the texture and spreadability of the product, making it easier to apply to the skin.
Isopentyldiol: Isopentyldiol [7] is a type of humectant, or moisture-binding ingredient, that is used in skincare and cosmetic products. It helps to hydrate the skin and improve its texture and appearance.
Maranta Arundinacea Root Powder: Maranta arundinacea root powder,[8] also known as arrowroot powder, is a natural ingredient that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as a thickener, absorbent, and mattifying agent. It helps to absorb excess oil and moisture from the skin, reducing shine and improving the appearance of the skin.
Lauryl Laurate: Lauryl laurate [9] is a type of ester that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as an emollient and skin-conditioning agent. It helps to improve the texture and feel of the product, making it smoother and more moisturizing.
Mandelic Acid: Mandelic acid is a type of alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in skincare products as an exfoliant and skin-brightening agent. It helps to remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and improve the appearance of the skin.[10]
Sorbitan Oleate: Sorbitan oleate is a type of emulsifier that is used in skincare and cosmetic products to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It helps to improve the texture and consistency of the product, making it smoother and more stable.[11]
Silica: Silica is a type of mineral that is used in skincare and cosmetic products as a thickener, absorbent, and mattifying agent. It helps to absorb excess oil and moisture from the skin, reducing shine and improving the appearance of the skin.[12]
Panthenol: Panthenol is a form of vitamin B5 that is used in skin care and hair care products. When applied topically, it can help to moisturize the skin, improve skin texture, reduce inflammation, and promote wound healing. It is often used in hair care products to strengthen and moisturize hair, as well as to add shine and volume.[13]
Caffeine: Caffeine is a natural stimulant that is found in many plants, including coffee beans and tea leaves. When used topically in skin care products, caffeine has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can help to protect the skin from damage and reduce inflammation. It can also help to improve circulation and reduce the appearance of dark circles and puffiness around the eyes.[14]
Ethylhexylglycerin: Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic ingredient that is used as a preservative and skin conditioning agent in cosmetic products. It is often used as an alternative to parabens, which have been associated with health concerns. Ethylhexylglycerin has been shown to have antimicrobial properties, which can help to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in cosmetic products. It also has moisturizing and skin conditioning properties that can help to improve the texture and appearance of the skin.[15]
Lume Cream Deodorant Tube Ingredients

Mandelic Acid: Mandelic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid that is derived from bitter almonds. It has exfoliating properties that help to remove dead skin cells, unclog pores, and improve skin texture. It also has antibacterial properties that make it effective in treating acne and other skin conditions.[16]
Maranta Arundinacea Root Powder: Maranta arundinacea root powder, also known as arrowroot powder, is a natural starch that is obtained from the roots of the arrowroot plant. It is often used as a thickener in cosmetic products, including skincare products, to help give them a smoother texture. Arrowroot powder is also known to have soothing and healing properties that help to calm and moisturize the skin.[17]
Tapioca Starch: Tapioca starch is a natural starch that is extracted from the roots of the cassava plant. It is often used in skincare products as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer. Tapioca starch is known for its ability to absorb moisture and excess oil, which makes it an effective ingredient in products designed for oily or acne-prone skin.[18]
Isoamyl Laurate: Isoamyl laurate [19] is an ester that is derived from plant-based ingredients. It is often used in cosmetic products as an emollient, which helps to soften and moisturize the skin. Isoamyl laurate is also known to have antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from environmental stressors such as pollution and UV rays.
Hydroxypropyl Starch Phosphate: Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate is a modified starch that is often used in skincare products as a thickener and emulsifier. It helps to give products a smooth texture and helps to keep them from separating. Hydroxypropyl starch phosphate is also known for its ability to improve the skin’s moisture retention, which can help to keep the skin hydrated and soft.[20]
Cetearyl Alcohol: This is a fatty alcohol that is derived from plants, such as coconut oil or palm oil. It’s commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products as an emollient, thickener, and texture enhancer. It can help to soften and smooth the skin, and also has some moisturizing properties. It’s generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products.[21]
Caffeine: This is a natural stimulant that’s found in coffee, tea, and other sources. When applied topically in skincare products, it can help to reduce the appearance of puffiness and dark circles around the eyes.[22] It’s also been shown to have antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals.[14]
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride: This is a type of oil that’s derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil. It’s commonly used in skincare products as an emollient, as it can help to soften and smooth the skin. It’s also considered to be non-irritating and non-comedogenic, meaning it’s unlikely to cause skin irritation or clog pores.[23]
Behenyl Alcohol: This is another fatty alcohol [24] that’s commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products as an emulsifier and thickener. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and also has some moisturizing properties.
Hydrogenated Castor Oil: This is a type of oil that’s been processed to make it more stable and solid at room temperature. It’s commonly used in cosmetics and skincare products as an emulsifier, thickener, and texture enhancer. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and also has some moisturizing properties.[25]
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice: This is a gel-like substance that’s extracted from the leaves of the aloe vera plant. It’s commonly used in skincare products as a soothing and hydrating ingredient. It can help to reduce inflammation, redness, and irritation, and also has some antimicrobial properties.[26]
Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter: This is a type of fat that’s derived from cocoa beans. It’s commonly used in skincare products as an emollient, as it can help to soften and smooth the skin. It’s also rich in antioxidants, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals.[27]
Floral Pyranol: This is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that’s commonly used in cosmetic and skincare products to add a floral scent. It’s generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products.[28]
Tocopherol: This is a form of vitamin E that’s commonly used in skincare products as an antioxidant. It can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals, and also has some moisturizing properties.[29]
Allantoin: This is a naturally occurring compound that’s found in many plants, including comfrey and chamomile. It’s commonly used in skincare products as a soothing and healing ingredient. It can help to reduce inflammation, redness, and irritation, and also has some moisturizing properties.[30]
Panthenol: This is a form of vitamin B5 that’s commonly used in skincare products [13] as a moisturizer and humectant. It can help to improve the skin’s barrier function, and also has some anti-inflammatory properties.[31]
Sandalwood: Sandalwood is a type of fragrant wood that’s commonly used in skincare products. It’s believed to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and can help to soothe and calm the skin. It’s also been shown to have antioxidant properties, which can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals.[32]
Stearyl Alcohol: This is a fatty alcohol that’s commonly used in skincare products [33] as an emulsifier, thickener, and texture enhancer. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and also has some moisturizing properties.
Dimethicone: This is a type of silicone that’s commonly used in skincare products as an emollient and skin protectant. It can help to soften and smooth the skin, and also create a barrier that helps to prevent moisture loss.[34]
Cetearyl Glucoside: This is an emulsifying agent that’s commonly used in skincare products to help blend oil and water-based ingredients together. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and also has some moisturizing properties.[35]
Pentylene Glycol: This is a type of humectant that’s commonly used in skincare products to help attract and retain moisture in the skin. It can help to improve the skin’s hydration levels, and also has some antimicrobial properties.[36]
Phenylpropanol: This is a type of alcohol that’s commonly used in skincare products as a preservative and antimicrobial agent.[37] It can help to prevent the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms in a product.
Potassium Hydroxide: This is an alkaline substance that’s commonly used in skincare products as a pH adjuster. It can help to maintain the pH balance of a product, which can help to ensure its stability and effectiveness.[38]
Dipropylene Glycol: This is a type of solvent [39] that’s commonly used in skincare products as a humectant and viscosity agent. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and also has some moisturizing properties.
Sodium Benzoate: This is a type of preservative that’s commonly used in skincare products to help prevent the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. It’s generally considered safe for use in cosmetic products.[40]
Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate: This is a chelating agent that’s commonly used in skincare products to help improve the stability and effectiveness of other ingredients. It can help to bind to minerals and other impurities in a product, which can help to prevent them from interacting with other ingredients.[41]
Lume Soap Bar Ingredients

Sustainable Sodium Palmate: Sodium palmate [42] is a type of soap that’s made from palm oil. Sustainable sodium palmate is produced using palm oil that has been sourced from sustainable, responsibly managed palm plantations. Sodium palmate can help to cleanse the skin by removing dirt, oil, and impurities.
Sodium Cocoate: Sodium cocoate [43] is a type of soap that’s made from coconut oil. It can help to cleanse the skin by removing dirt, oil, and impurities, and can also help to create a lather in skincare products.
Glycerin: Glycerin is a type of humectant that’s commonly used in skincare products to help attract and retain moisture in the skin. It can help to improve the skin’s hydration levels, and also has some emollient and smoothing properties.[44]
Sodium Chloride: Sodium chloride, or salt, is commonly used in skincare products as a thickener and texture enhancer. It can help to improve the texture and consistency of a product, and can also help to exfoliate and cleanse the skin.[45]
Galactoarabinan: Galactoarabinan is a natural polysaccharide that’s derived from the larch tree. It’s commonly used in skincare products as a humectant and film former, and can help to improve the skin’s hydration levels and create a protective barrier on the skin.[46]
Tetrasodium Etidronate: Tetrasodium etidronate [47] is a chelating agent that’s commonly used in skincare products to help improve the stability and effectiveness of other ingredients. It can help to bind to minerals and other impurities in a product, which can help to prevent them from interacting with other ingredients.
Pentasodium Pentetate: Pentasodium pentetate is a chelating agent that’s commonly used in skincare products to help improve the stability and effectiveness of other ingredients. It can help to bind to minerals and other impurities in a product, which can help to prevent them from interacting with other ingredients.[48]
Overall, these ingredients can provide a variety of benefits to the skin, including cleansing, moisturizing, and improving the texture and consistency of skincare products. However, it’s important to note that some people may be sensitive or allergic to certain ingredients. It’s always a good idea to patch test new products before using them on your face or body. Additionally, it’s important to consider the environmental and social impact of using ingredients like palm oil, and to look for products that use sustainably sourced ingredients.
Lume Acidified Body Wash Ingredients

Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine: This ingredient [49] is a mild surfactant that is commonly used in skincare and hair care products to help clean and remove dirt and oil. It can also help to create foam and improve the texture of a product.
Sodium Methyl 2-Sulfolaurate: This is a gentle surfactant that is commonly used in skincare products as an alternative to harsher cleansing agents. It helps to create a lather and remove dirt and oil from the skin.[50]
Disodium 2-Sulfolaurate: This is another gentle surfactant [51] that is commonly used in skincare products as a cleanser. It helps to create a lather and remove dirt and oil from the skin.
Glycerin: Glycerin is a type of humectant that is commonly used in skincare products to help attract and retain moisture in the skin. It helps to hydrate the skin and can also have smoothing and emollient properties.[52]
Caprylyl Glycol: This ingredient is often used as a skin conditioning agent and preservative in skincare products. It can help to improve the texture of a product and may also have some antimicrobial properties.[53]
Glyceryl Oleate: This is an emollient that is commonly used in skincare products to help soften and moisturize the skin. It can also help to improve the texture and consistency of a product.[54]
Coco-Glucoside: This is a mild surfactant that is commonly used in skincare products as a cleanser. It can help to remove dirt and oil from the skin without stripping it of its natural oils.[55]
Ethylhexylglycerin: This ingredient is often used as a preservative and skin conditioning agent in skincare products. It can help to improve the texture of a product and may also have some antimicrobial properties.[15]
Phenethyl Alcohol: This ingredient is often used as a fragrance ingredient in skincare products. It may also have some antimicrobial properties.[56]
Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder: Aloe vera is a popular ingredient in skincare products because of its soothing and hydrating properties. It can help to reduce inflammation and redness, and may also help to improve the skin’s elasticity.[57]
Citric Acid: This ingredient is commonly used in skincare products as a pH adjuster. It can help to balance the pH of a product and improve its stability.[58]
Mandelic Acid: This is a type of alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is often used in skincare products as an exfoliant. It can help to remove dead skin cells and improve the texture of the skin.[10]
Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract: Cucumber extract is often used in skincare products because of its soothing and cooling properties. It can help to reduce inflammation and redness, and may also help to hydrate the skin.[59]
Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract: Calendula extract is often used in skincare products because of its anti-inflammatory and healing properties. It can help to soothe and calm the skin, and may also help to improve the skin’s texture.[60]
Palmaria Palmata Extract: This ingredient is derived from red algae and is often used in skincare products as an antioxidant. It can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals and other environmental stressors.[61]
Bambusa Vulgaris Shoot Extract: This ingredient is derived from bamboo and is often used in skincare products as a skin conditioning agent. It can help to improve the texture and elasticity of the skin.[62]
References
Medically Cited: Our process involves examining medical research that has been published in reputable scientific journals, with the goal of upholding the highest possible standards of scientific accuracy.
Fact-Checked: To maintain quality, Repositive assigns a team of medical experts, including doctors and Registered Dietitians, to each article.
1. Serrano-Arnaldos, M., et al., Reaction strategies for the enzymatic synthesis of neopentyl glycol diheptanoate. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2020. 132: p. 109400. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141022919301383
2. Lanigan, R., Final report on the safety assessment of PPG-11 and PPG-15 stearyl ethers. International Journal of Toxicology, 2001. 20: p. 53-59. https://europepmc.org/article/med/11800052
3. Andersen, F.A., et al., Final report of the safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients derived from Zea mays (corn). International Journal of Toxicology, 2011. 30(3_suppl): p. 17S-39S. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581811403832
4. Reid, W., Use of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry in the Study of Petroleum Waxes, Microcrystalline Waxes, and Ozokerite. Analytical Chemistry, 1966. 38(3): p. 445-449. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac60235a018
5. Fiume, M.M., et al., Safety assessment of stearyl heptanoate and related stearyl alkanoates as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 2012. 31(5_suppl): p. 141S-146S. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581812460408
6. Sakanishi, Y., et al., Rheology control of isododecane with newly synthesized organogelators; 3, 3′, 4, 4′-benzophenone tetracarboxamide. Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi, 2014. 42(3): p. 185-190. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/rheology/42/3/42_185/_article/-char/ja/
7. Bährle-Rapp, M. and M. Bährle-Rapp, Isopentyldiol. Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 2007: p. 287-287. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_5369
8. de Oliveira Guilherme, D., et al., Starch valorization from corm, tuber, rhizome, and root crops: The Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) case, in Starches for food application. 2019, Elsevier. p. 167-222. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128094402000058
9. Liang, S., et al., Hydrogenation of methyl laurate to produce lauryl alcohol over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 with methanol as the solvent and hydrogen source. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2011. 84(3): p. 779-788. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1351/PAC-CON-11-06-09/html
10. Dębowska, R.M., et al., Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of mandelic acid-containing cosmetic formulations for acne skin care. Dermatology Review/Przegląd Dermatologiczny, 2015. 102(4): p. 316-321. https://www.termedia.pl/Evaluation-of-the-efficacy-and-tolerability-of-mandelic-acid-containing-cosmetic-formulations-for-acne-skin-care,56,25608,0,1.html
11. Fiume, M.M., et al., Safety assessment of Sorbitan esters as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 2019. 38(2_suppl): p. 60S-80S. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581819871877
12. Arriagada, F., S. Nonell, and J. Morales, Silica-based nanosystems for therapeutic applications in the skin. Nanomedicine, 2019. 14(16): p. 2243-2267. https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/abs/10.2217/nnm-2019-0052
13. Camargo Jr, F.B., L.R. Gaspar, and P.M. Maia Campos, Skin moisturizing effects of panthenol-based formulations. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2011. 62(4): p. 361. https://www.scinapse.io/papers/3564442
14. Azam, S., et al., Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of caffeine, theobromine and xanthine. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 2003. 9(9): p. BR325-30. https://europepmc.org/article/med/12960921/reload=0
15. Aerts, O., L. Verhulst, and A. Goossens, Ethylhexylglycerin: A low‐risk, but highly relevant, sensitizer in ‘hypo‐allergenic’cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 2016. 74(5): p. 281-288. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cod.12546
16. Garg, V.K., S. Sinha, and R. Sarkar, Glycolic acid peels versus salicylic–mandelic acid peels in active acne vulgaris and post‐acne scarring and hyperpigmentation: A comparative study. Dermatologic Surgery, 2009. 35(1): p. 59-65. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2008.34383.x
17. Merlyn Jose, S., R. V Geetha, and S. Rajeshkumar, Evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of maranta arundinacea using protein denaturation assay-An in vitro study. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2021. http://apsciencelibrary.com/handle/123456789/6750
18. Breuninger, W.F., K. Piyachomkwan, and K. Sriroth, Tapioca/cassava starch: Production and use, in Starch. 2009, Elsevier. p. 541-568. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780127462752000124
19. Bährle-Rapp, M., Isoamyl Laurate, in Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. 2007, Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. p. 284. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_5297
20. Shimotoyodome, A., et al., Dietary supplementation with hydroxypropyl-distarch phosphate from waxy maize starch increases resting energy expenditure by lowering the postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in human subjects. British Journal of Nutrition, 2011. 106(1): p. 96-104. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/dietary-supplementation-with-hydroxypropyldistarch-phosphate-from-waxy-maize-starch-increases-resting-energy-expenditure-by-lowering-the-postprandial-glucosedependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide-response-in-human-subjects/A7D1B6823647756C69957C8BD559D35B
21. Armengot-Carbo, M.A.-C., et al., Allergic contact dermatitis from cetearyl alcohol in Thrombocid® ointment. Dermatology Online Journal, 2016. 22(7). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ht9300r
22. Rodrigues, R., M.B.P.P. Oliveira, and R.C. Alves, Chlorogenic acids and caffeine from coffee by-products: A review on skincare applications. Cosmetics, 2023. 10(1): p. 12. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/10/1/12
23. Mungali, M. and N. Sharma, Caprylic/capric triglyceride, in Naturally occurring chemicals against Alzheimer’s disease. 2021, Elsevier. p. 139-146. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128192122000116
24. Elder, R., Final report on the safety assessment of cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol. International Journal of Toxicology, 1988. 7(3): p. 359-413. https://hero.epa.gov/hero/index.cfm/reference/details/reference_id/31697
25. Kulkarni, M.G. and S.B. Sawant, Some physical properties of castor oil esters and hydrogenated castor oil esters. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2003. 105(5): p. 214-218. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ejlt.200390043
26. Cock, I.E., Antimicrobial activity of Aloe barbadensis Miller leaf gel components. The Internet Journal of Microbiology, 2008. 4(2): p. 17. https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/bitstream/handle/10072/21381/50582_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
27. Singh, M., S. Agarwal, and M. Agarwal, Benefits of theobroma cacao and its phytocompounds as cosmeceuticals, in Plant-derived bioactives. 2020, Springer. p. 509-521. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-1761-7_21?crsi=662497054&cicada_org_src=healthwebmagazine.com&cicada_org_mdm=direct
28. Ramya, M., et al., Floral scent: Regulation and role of MYB transcription factors. Phytochemistry Letters, 2017. 19: p. 114-120. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1874390016303676
29. Fiume, M.M., et al., Safety assessment of tocopherols and tocotrienols as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 2018. 37(2_suppl): p. 61S-94S. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581818794455
30. Manca, M.L., et al., Combination of argan oil and phospholipids for the development of an effective liposome-like formulation able to improve skin hydration and allantoin dermal delivery. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2016. 505(1-2): p. 204-211. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378517316302836
31. Stettler, H., et al., A new topical panthenol-containing emollient: Skin-moisturizing effect following single and prolonged usage in healthy adults, and tolerability in healthy infants. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2017. 28(3): p. 251-257. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546634.2016.1218417
32. Moy, R.L. and C. Levenson, Sandalwood album oil as a botanical therapeutic in dermatology. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 2017. 10(10): p. 34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5749697/
33. Supriadi, Y. and N. Khoirin, Formulation and evaluation of grape seed oil (Vitis Vinifera, L) facial cream with variations in the concentration of stearic acid as an emulsifier. Journal of Health Sciences and Medical Development, 2022. 1(01): p. 20-30. http://journal.iistr.org/index.php/HESMED/article/view/32
34. Carter, B.N. and R.T. Sherman, Dimethicone (silicone) skin protection in surgical patients. AMA Archives of Surgery, 1957. 75(1): p. 116-117. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/555355
35. Amalric, C., G. Proserpio, and N. Michel-Lecocu, Sun care emulsions using cetearyl glucoside. Cosmetics and Toiletries, 1994. 109(10): p. 71-74. https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3368456
36. Steiner, A., et al., Margin of safety of pentylene glycol derived using measurements of cutaneous absorption and volatility. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2017. 87: p. 106-111. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0273230017301228
37. Ngah, L., et al., A new antimicrobial Phenylpropanol from the leaves of tabernaemontana inconspicua stapf.(Apocynaceae) inhibits pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotics, 2022. 11(1): p. 121. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/1/121
38. Abdelrahman, T., et al., Dermatomycosis: Comparison of the performance of calcofluor and potassium hydroxide 30% for the direct examination of skin scrapings and nails. Journal de Mycologie Médicale, 2006. 16(2): p. 87-91. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1156523306000503
39. OECD SIDS, Dipropylene Glycol: (Mixed Isomers and Dominant Isomer) CAS N°:25265-71-8 & 110-98-5). 2001, UN Environment Programme. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=f99e0ae7d42f666f19fa4e76dbee7fd8f81720ad
40. Nettis, E., et al., Sodium benzoate‐induced repeated episodes of acute urticaria/angio‐oedema: Randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Dermatology, 2004. 151(4): p. 898-902. https://academic.oup.com/bjd/article/151/4/898/6635639
41. Burnett, C.L., Safety assessment of beta-alanine diacetic acid and tetrasodium glutamate diacetate as used in cosmetics. 2019, Cosmetic Ingredient Review. https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Amino%20Acid%20Diacetates.pdf
42. Amadi, N.C.I., et al., An experimental investigation of pristine barite adsorption on sodium oleate and sodium palmitate. American Journal of Physical Chemistry, 2018. 7(4): p. 63-72. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nkwoada-Udoka/publication/330741812_An_Experimental_Investigation_of_Pristine_Barite_Adsorption_on_Sodium_Oleate_and_Sodium_Palmitate/links/5c5599ee458515a4c75296e5/An-Experimental-Investigation-of-Pristine-Barite-Adsorption-on-Sodium-Oleate-and-Sodium-Palmitate.pdf
43. Hu, L., et al., Fabrication and surface properties of hydrophobic barium sulfate aggregates based on sodium cocoate modification. Applied Surface Science, 2014. 315: p. 184-189. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169433214015967
44. Lodén, M. and W. Wessman, The influence of a cream containing 20% glycerin and its vehicle on skin barrier properties. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2001. 23(2): p. 115-119. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00060.x
45. Kuzmina, N., L. Hagströmer, and L. Emtestam, Urea and sodium chloride in moisturisers for skin of the elderly–a comparative, double-blind, randomised study. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2002. 15(3): p. 166-174. https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/63545
46. Westman, M., Galactoarabinan: An exfoliant for human skin. Cosmetics and Toiletries, 1999. 114(8): p. 63-72. https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1938099
47. Liou, Y.L., A. Boyd, and S.A. Hylwa, What is tetrasodium etidronate and how is it related to formaldehyde? Dermatitis®, 2018. 29(5): p. 289-290. https://journals.lww.com/dermatitis/FullText/2018/09000/What_Is_Tetrasodium_Etidronate_and_How_Is_It.13.aspx
48. Benes, D.M. and C.L. Burnett, Final report on the safety assessment of pentasodium pentetate and pentetic acid as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 2008. 27: p. 71-92. https://europepmc.org/article/med/18830865
49. Bährle-Rapp, M., Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, in Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. 2007, Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. p. 121. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2240
50. Bährle-Rapp, M., Sodium Methyl 2-Sulfolaurate, in Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. 2007, Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. p. 514. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_9630
51. National Center for Biotechnology Information, PubChem compound summary for CID 23139701, Disodium 2-sulfolaurate. 2023, PubChem: National Library of Medicine (US). https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Disodium-2-sulfolaurate
52. Lodén, M., et al., A double-blind study comparing the effect of glycerin and urea on dry, eczematous skin in atopic patients. Acta Dermato Venereologica, 2002. 82(1): p. 45-47. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12013198/#:~:text=The%20study%20showed%20equal%20effects,treatment%20of%20atopic%20dry%20skin
53. Ziosi, P., et al., Caprylyl glycol/phenethyl alcohol blend for alternative preservation of cosmetics. Cosmetics & Toiletries, 2013. 128: p. 538-551. https://www.agrar.it/upload/documenti/STABIL-article-Cosmetic-&-Toiletries-08-2013.pdf
54. Intarakumhaeng, R., et al., In vitro skin penetration of petrolatum and soybean oil and effects of glyceryl monooleate. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018. 40(4): p. 367-376. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ics.12469
55. Chen, R.K.Z. and S.C. Wee, Performance evaluation of alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS), coco glucoside and decane in creating winsor type-III microemulsion. Platform: A Journal of Engineering, 2021. 5(3): p. 38-59. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/paje/article/view/14402
56. Scognamiglio, J., et al., Fragrance material review on phenylethyl alcohol. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2012. 50: p. S224-S239. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691511005321
57. Javed, S., Aloe vera gel in food, health products, and cosmetics industry. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, 2014. 41: p. 261-285. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780444632944000097
58. Nagoba, B., et al., Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa—A review of our experiences with citric acid over the past 20 years. Wound Medicine, 2017. 19: p. 5-9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213909517300149
59. Sahu, T. and J. Sahu, Cucumis sativus (cucumber): A review on its pharmacological activity. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research, 2015. 3(1): p. 04-09. https://www.japtronline.com/index.php/joapr/article/view/46
60. Preethi, K.C., G. Kuttan, and R. Kuttan, Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2009. 47(2): p. 113-120. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19374166/
61. Nishida, Y., et al., Efficient extraction and antioxidant capacity of mycosporine-like amino acids from red alga Dulse Palmaria palmata in Japan. Marine Drugs, 2020. 18(10): p. 502. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/10/502
62. Chilicka, K., et al., The effects of green tea (camellia sinensis), bamboo extract (Bambusa vulgaris) and lactic acid on sebum production in young women with acne vulgaris using sonophoresis treatment. Healthcare, 2022. 10(4): p. 684. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/4/684
We’ve also published full ingredient breakdowns of Alpha Brain and Ka’Chava Bars for you to explore next.
Leave a Reply